lingnguВестник НГУ. Серия: Лингвистика и межкультурная коммуникацияNSU Vestnik. Series: Linguistics and Intercultural Communication1818-7935Новосибирский государственный университет10.25205/1818-7935-2023-21-4-115-130lingngu-637Research ArticleПСИХОЛИНГВИСТИКАPSYCHOLINGUISTICSОбработка русских идиом эритажными носителями русского языка и изучающими русский как иностранныйThe processing of Russian Idioms in Heritage Russian Speakers and L2 Russian Learnershttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-3551-0791ГридневаЕ. М.GridnevaE. M.

Гриднева Екатерина Михайловна, преподаватель Школы иностранных языков 

Москва

Ekaterina M. Gridneva, Lecturer, School of Foreign Languages

Moscow

egridneva@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2279-2905ЗдороваН. С.ZdorovaN. S.

Здорова Нина Станиславовна, младший научный сотрудник Центра языка и мозга Национального исследовательского университета «Высшая школа экономики»; младший научный сотрудник отдела экспериментальных исследований речи Института языкознания РАН

Москва

Nina S. Zdorova, Junior Research Fellow, Center for Language and Brain, HSE University, junior research fellow, Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of Sciences

Moscow

nzdorova@hse.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9925-0963ИваненкоA. А.IvanenkoA. A.

Иваненко Анастасия Андреевна, преподаватель Школы лингвистики, факультета гуманитарных наук

Москва

Anastasiya A. Ivanenko, Lecturer, School of Linguistics

Moscow

nastyaiwanencko@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-2585-1819ГрабовскаяМ. А.GrabovskayaM. A.

Грабовская Мария Андреевна, преподаватель Школы лингвистики факультета гуманитарных наук

Москва

Maria A. Grabovskaya, Lecturer, School of Linguistics

Moscow

magrabovskaya@gmail.comНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»РоссияHSE UniversityRussian FederationНациональный исследовательский университет «Высшая школа экономики»; Институт языкознания Российской академии наукРоссияHSE University; Institute of Linguistics, Russian Academy of SciencesRussian Federation202309022024214115130Copyright © Гриднева Е.М., Здорова Н.С., Иваненко A.А., Грабовская М.А., 20242024Гриднева Е.М., Здорова Н.С., Иваненко A.А., Грабовская М.А.Gridneva E.M., Zdorova N.S., Ivanenko A.A., Grabovskaya M.A.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://lingngu.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/637

Данное исследование посвящено изучению процесса обработки идиом нестандартными носителями русского языка (эритажные носители и студенты РКИ) в сравнении со стандартными (носители русского языка). Употребление идиом является характерной чертой речи носителей, которая отличает их от изучающих русский язык как иностранный. Стоит отметить, что экспериментальные исследования в отношении употребления идиом эритажными носителями русского языка ранее не проводились. Эритажные носители – это несбалансированные билингвы, которые усваивают русский язык в семьях естественным образом. Однако их уровень владения может быть сопоставим со студентами РКИ: язык эритажных носителей формируется в языковой среде, где доминирующим языком является английский (в рамках нашего исследования). Соответственно, русский язык является для них слабым. Чтобы сравнить обработку идиом у эритажных носителей со студентами РКИ, мы провели эксперимент по чтению с регулировкой скорости, учитывая уровень владения русским языком, а также социолингвистические особенности участников эксперимента. Идиомы в стимульном материале были разделены на три категории в зависимости от фактора межъязыкового влияния: имеющие полные английские эквиваленты, полуэквивалентные или не имеющие эквивалентов. Межъязыковое влияние – это ключевой параметр, который влияет на усвоение и обработку идиом в рамках нашего исследования. Наши результаты не показали существенной разницы в обработке идиом эритажными носителями и студентами РКИ. В то же время обработка идиом обеими группами нестандартных носителей существенно отличалась от контрольной группы (носители русского языка). Мы обнаружили, что все три группы участников по-разному обрабатывают полные эквиваленты и неэквивалентные идиомы. Помимо этого, эритажные носители и студенты РКИ демонстрируют разницу в обработке полных и полуэквивалентных идиом. Данные результаты можно проинтерпретировать, учитывая различные факторы: развитие определенных навыков у эритажных носителей (устная речь), сравнивая со студентами РКИ (чтение, письменная речь).

The use of idioms differentiates native speakers (NSs) from second language (L2) learners, whereas the use of idioms by heritage speakers (HSs) might resemble both groups at the same time. This study examines the processing of idioms in heritage Russian speakers (N = 16) and L2 Russian learners (N = 16), comparing them to Russian native speakers as a control group (N = 23). Heritage speakers acquire Russian similarly to the first language acquisition in their family. This enables them to have a more natural approach to language than L2 learners. However, heritage speakers are also similar to L2 learners since their Russian language competence is still not native-like due to insufficient language input. To test whether idiom processing in HSs resembles that of L2 learners or rather in NSs, we conducted a self-paced reading experiment. The idioms were divided into three categories based on the cross-language influence factor: having full English equivalents, semi-equivalents, or no-equivalents. Our findings show no significant difference in idiom processing in HSs and L2 learners, whereas their processing significantly differed from that by NSs of Russian. Also, we found different processing for full and semi-equivalent idioms (in the HS and L2 groups). Full and no-equivalent idioms were also processed differently in all the three groups.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.