Realization of the Seme Inspiration in the Root Morpheme ur- in Mongolian Languages

The article compares and analyzes the semantic connections of the word urm-a ‘inspiration, uplift (of spirit), good mood’ in the Mongolian languages with lexical units that have a common root element ur-/ür-. The purpose of the study is to determine motivating factors that contribute to the nomination of such an emotional state as inspiration, and to identify a number of semantically interrelated adjacent lexical-semantic groups. Thus, the work presents an understanding of the phonetic and semantic correlation in words with the common root element ur-/ür-. It allows us to explain the sound sensory reaction in response to the internal feeling of rising strength and energy as a manifestation of psychophysiology through sound-descriptive nominations and as a transfer of feeling to the emotional sphere when nominating a particular phenomenon. The acoustic-articulatory peculiarities of the trembling sonant [r] (beat, energy, force, impulse, movement) have been motivating in the nomination of the physiological sensation of internal force and energy motion in the Mongolian languages. Lexicographic data from written Mongolian, Khalkha-Mongolian, Buryat and Kalmyk languages served as factual material for the study.

The author examines the Mongolian words derived from the stem urma- and the range of dictionary interpretations of key words presented in the Mongolian dictionaries, which verbalize such an emotional state of the subject as inspiration (strength, uplifting spirit, desire), illustrates word-formation series to convey a rich semantic palette of this state. The work also presents synonyms for the concept ‘inspiration’ with the sonant [r] in the root: WMo. sür ‘greatness; strength, power’; WMo. ǰoriγ ‘courage; strength of will; aspiration’, WMo. ǰirüken ‘heart; soul; courage, bravery’. The rise of internal forces as a factor of the sound-symbolic nature of the root consonant [r] has become the main one in the determining and description of lexical units, which by their sound-semantic form and content are interconnected and united into thematic groups: rise (growth, upward movement – ergü- ‘to raise (up) ‘; urγu- ‘to grow’; üre ‘seed’; orgi- ‘to hit with a spring’; orboyi- ‘to be disheveled, to puff up’, etc.), before (south, before, forward – uruγši ‘forward; to the south; success, luck’; urida ‘before, forward’), to be first (to get ahead – öris- ‘to get ahead, to warn’), their relationship with each other.

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